Service (MMS) stated that the earthquake event near Sumatra on the 2nd. Although the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center has accepted these new numbers, the United States Geological Survey has so far not changed its estimate of 9.1. The rupture area for the 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake is similar to that estimated for the 1861 event. It was also one of the longest quakes, lasting 8.3-10 minutes long. The earthquake was so large and the plate motion so significant that the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake is thought to have triggered other earthquakes in a process known as dynamic including the deadly 2008 Sichuan earthquake in China that killed 69,000 people. Smaller (but still large) megathrust events have also occurred in the small gaps between the areas that slip during the larger events, in 1935, 1984, 2000 and 2002. A great earthquake was noted at 23:09:36 hrs, local time at epicentre, on Monday, March 28, 2005. It had a magnitude of 7.3 on the moment magnitude scale with an epicentre just north of Simulue island and caused three deaths. Using continuous daily position time series from the Sumatran GPS Array (SuGAr), we document 30 earthquakes which occurred within or outside the SuGAr network from August 2002 through the end of 2013, and we provide estimates of both vertical and horizontal coseismic offsets … 5. Line: 315 It occurred as two separate ruptures, the largest of which had an estimated magnitude of 7.9 on the moment magnitude scale and triggered a tsunami that was observed around the Bay of Bengal. Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004, tsunami that hit the coasts of several countries of South and Southeast Asia in December 2004. Such events are a result of relatively slow rupture velocities. It caused a large tsunami that flooded the southwestern coast of the island. Function: _error_handler, Message: Invalid argument supplied for foreach(), File: /home/ah0ejbmyowku/public_html/application/views/user/popup_modal.php From its proximity to the epicenter of the 2004 earthquake, it is regarded as a foreshock of that event. The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was initially documented as having a moment magnitude of 8.8. Smaller (but still large) megathrust events have also occurred in the small gaps between the areas that slip during the larger events, in 1935, 1984, 2000 and 2002. The convergence between these plates is highly oblique near Sumatra, with the displacement being accommodated by near pure dip-slip faulting along the subduction zone, known as the Sunda megathrust, and near pure strike-slip faulting along the Great Sumatran fault. On December 26, 2004 an enormous earthquake shook the earth with a rank on the Richter Scale of 9.1-9.3. They occur from a matter of minutes to days or even longer before the main shock; for example, the 2002 Sumatra earthquake is regarded as a foreshock of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake with a delay of more than two years between the two events. It had an estimated magnitude of 8.1 on the moment magnitude scale and a maximum felt intensity of greater than 5 shindo. The most deaths occurred in the areas of Padang Pariaman, Padang, Agam and Pariaman. Rupture Modelling of the December 26, 2004 Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake using the Hi-Net Array. The first of the 2009 Sumatra earthquakes occurred on 30 September off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia with a moment magnitude of 7.6 at 17:16:10 local time. On December 26, 2004, at 7:59 am local time, an undersea earthquake with a magnitude of 9.1 struck off the coast of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. The M 8.5 earthquake of September 12, 2007, is the fourth earthquake with a magnitude greater than 7.9 to occur over the preceding decade on or near the plate boundaries offshore of western Sumatra. The earthquake was felt as far away as the Malay peninsula and the eastern part of Java. Epicenter of Sumatra earthquake 2004 and affected countries. The interface between the two plates results in a large fault, termed an interplate thrust or megathrust. A tsunami earthquake triggers a tsunami of a magnitude that is very much larger than the magnitude of the earthquake as measured by shorter-period seismic waves. The Andaman Sea is a back-arc basin developed as a pull-apart between the right-lateral strike-slip Sagaing and West Andaman faults. Line: 68 Function: view, "Comments for the Significant Earthquake", "Source parameters of the great Sumatran megathrust earthquakes of 1797 and 1833 inferred from coral microatolls", "The 2007 Pisco, Peru, earthquake (M8.0): seismology and geodesy", "The Sunda megathrust: past, present and future", "Rupture Properties of the Giant Sumatra Earthquake Imaged by Empirical Green's Function Analysis", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2002_Sumatra_earthquake&oldid=984330957. This solution is more reasonable than those reported by USGS, Harvard CMT and ERI of University of Tokyo. [5], File: /home/ah0ejbmyowku/public_html/application/views/user/popup_modal.php The 1833 Sumatra earthquake occurred on November 25 at about 22:00 local time, with an estimated magnitude in the range of 8.8–9.2 Mw . It is a megathrust, located at a convergent plate boundary where it forms the interface between the overriding Eurasian plate and the subducting Indo-Australian plate. [5]. It was the first in a series of great earthquakes that ruptured part of the Sumatran segment of the Sunda megathrust. The epicentre was located 90 km south of Sinabang with 30 Km Depth 2.065 N 97.010 E; Evidence emerges that earthquake generated significant tsunami. The earthquake is the third largest to ever be recorded on a seismograph. The epicentre was located off the coast of Sumatra, near the island of Nias, where building damage was reported. From its proximity to the epicenter of the 2004 earthquake, it is regarded as a foreshock of that event. The Sumatra Earthquake of 2004 had a great effect on many Indonesian countries. Sumatra Earthquake 26 Dec 2004 Teddy Boen 1. Aceh Tsunami Dec 26, 2004 Main Shock and After Shocks within one day of the Sumatra Earthquake, December 26, 2004, USGS On Sunday morning Dec 26, 2004 Banda Aceh was holding a 10 K marathon and approximately 1000 residents were doing their daily exercise at Blang Padang square, where the Suelawah It had a magnitude of 7.3 on the moment magnitude scale with an epicenter just north of Simeulue island and caused three deaths. Line: 479 In a period of minutes, the faulting released elastic strains that had accumulated for centuries from ongoing subduction of the India plate beneath the overriding Burma microplate. The 1935 Sumatra earthquake occurred at 09:35 local time on 28 December. [2], The greatest effects were felt on the island of Simeulue, where 994 buildings were damaged, three people died and 65 were injured. The magnitude of the earthquake was put at Mw 6.9, Mw  7.0, or Ms 7.2, according to different sources. This earthquake is regarded as a foreshock of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, which had an epicenter about 60 km to the northwest. 5. Are you sure you want to cancel your membership with us? The Sunda subduction zone is located in the east part of Indian Ocean, and is about 300 km from the southwest coast of Sumatra and Java islands. 2002-02-09 13:32:09 UTC 4.6 magnitude, 48 km depth Pageralam, South Sumatra, Indonesia 4.6 magnitude earthquake 2002-02-09 13:32:09 UTC at 13:32 February 09, 2002 UTC 2).The subducting plate is moving north-northeast at a rate of approximately 50–57 mm/year (Sieh, 2007) and the strain accumulation over hundreds of years were suddenly relieved as … The 2002 Sumatra earthquake is believed to have been a foreshock, preceding the main event by over two years. Line: 208 It is probably the earliest earthquake for which rupture parameters have been estimated instrumentally. [3] Microatolls around Simeulue show evidence of uplift as a result of the 2002 event, distinct from the uplift caused by the 2004 event. This image shows the topography and bathymetry near Sumatra, Indonesia, where hundreds or thousands of people were feared dead in the wake of a magnitude 7.6 earthquake that struck on September 30, 2009. This earthquake is regarded as a foreshock of the 2004 Sumatra earthquake, which had an epicentre about 60 km to the northwest. It triggered a minor tsunami. [3] Microatolls around Simeulue show evidence of uplift as a result of the 2002 event, distinct from the uplift caused by the 2004 event. The low observed intensity compared to the size of the tsunami has led to its interpretation as a tsunami earthquake. It started on the previously unrecognized Susitna Glacier Thrust fault, a splay fault south of … In February 2005, scientists revised the estimate of the magnitude to 9.0. The Sumatra Trench belongs to the Sunda Trench or Java Trench. The 2002 Sumatra earthquake occurred at 01:26 UTC on 2 November. Data released in the Sept 2012 Nature journal yielded new information about the 2012 Sumatra earthquake. This fault zone accommodates most of the strike-slip motion associated with the oblique convergence between the Indo-Australian and Eurasian plates. The event occurred off the coast of southern Sumatra, Indonesia near Enggano Island. In addition to the subduction zone off the west coast of the island, Sumatra also has a large strike-slip fault, the Great Sumatran Fault also known as Semangko Fault, running the entire length of the island. It caused a damaging tsunami that was particularly severe near Padang, where a 150–200 ton English ship was driven 1 km inland up the Arau River. Introduction [2] On 4 June 2000 a large (M w 7.9) earthquake occurred near Enggano Island, off the coast of Sumatra, killing 90 people and injuring 2000 more. A debate arose among seismologists over whether this should be considered an aftershock of the December 2004 event, or a "triggered earthquake" as it was larger than typical aftershocks but on the same fault. The tsunami gave rise to the S'mong legend, which is credited with saving many lives during the 2004 earthquake. It was the third most powerful earthquake since 1965 in Indonesia. To interpret this seismogram, we compared it with a simulated Omori seismogram computed from a broad-band seismogram of the 2002 Sumatra earthquake (2002 November 2, 2.65°N; 95.99°E, 23 km, Mw = 7.2) recorded at ABU (Abuyama, Japan, 34.864°N, 135.571°E, 138 m). It ruptured three different faults ending with a total rupture length of ~330 km. The Sumatra-Andaman earthquake was one of the three largest earthquakes ever recorded. Function: _error_handler, File: /home/ah0ejbmyowku/public_html/application/views/user/popup_harry_book.php The 2002 Sumatra earthquake occurred at 01:26 UTC on 2 November. Historically, great or giant megathrust earthquakes have been recorded in 1797, 1833, 1861, 2004, 2005 and 2007, most of them being associated with devastating tsunamis. FORESHOCK: The 2002 Sumatra earthquake occurred at 01:26 UTC on 2 November. 2002 Sumatra earthquake is similar to these earthquakes: 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, 1984 Northern Sumatra earthquake, 2004 Alor earthquake and more. The earthquake was so strong that it shook or vibrated the earth 4 centimeters. The convergence between these plates is highly oblique near Sumatra, with the displacement being accommodated by near pure dip-slip faulting along the subduction zone, known as the Sunda megathrust, and near pure strike-slip faulting along the Great Sumatran fault. Government and authorities confirmed 1,115 dead, 1,214 severely injured and 1,688 slightly injured. The earthquake occurred just north of the source region of the M 7.9 earthquake on June 4, 2000. Function: _error_handler, File: /home/ah0ejbmyowku/public_html/application/views/page/index.php The tremor had caused panic among residents of high-rise buildings in Penang and thousands running out of … A powerful earthquake off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, on December 26, 2004 sets off a tsunami that wreaks death and devastation across the Indian Ocean coastline. The earthquake was also felt at Tapaktuan (VI (Strong), Meulaboh and Singkil (V (Moderate) in the Aceh province of Sumatra. In addition, around 135,000 houses w This was an earthquake doublet. The fault rupture propagated 1,300 to 1,600 kilometers northwest for about 10 minutes along the boundary between the Indo-Australian plate and the Eurasian plate, from northwestern Sumatra to the Nicobar Islands and to the Andaman Islands. This earthquake could be strongly felt in parts of Northern Sumatra, including Padang and Medan. Mechanism of the June 4, 2000 southern Sumatra, Indonesia, earthquake (M S =8.0) are estimated from teleseismic body waves recorded by long period seismograph stations of the global seismic network. The two magnitude 8 events in 2004 and 2005, are located on either side of West Andaman Fault indicate that fault played a critical role in controlling the rupture pattern of both the 2004 and 2005 earthquakes. [4] Waveforms from this earthquake have been used to model the propagation of Rayleigh waves during the 2004 earthquake, using an empirical Green's function analysis. June 22, 2002 - A magnitude 6.5 earthquake … The event caused panic in the region, which had already been devastated by the massive tsunami triggered by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, but this earthquake generated a relatively small tsunami that caused limited damage. Line: 478 The northern end is thought to connect to the Sagaing Fault and the southern end to the Great Sumatran fault. The 1857 Fort Tejon earthquake occurred at about 8:20 a.m. on January 9 in central and Southern California. The 1797 Sumatra earthquake occurred at 22:00 local time on February 10. The Bali-Sumbawa segment is much less active and therefore does not have the "megathrust" term associated with it. Seven minutes later a stretch of the Indonesian subduction zone 1200 kilometers long had slipped by an average distance of 15 meters. It had a magnitude of 7.3 on the moment magnitude scale with an epicenter just north of Simeulue island and caused three deaths. On December 26, 2004, Sumatra-Andaman earthquake occurred along the Sunda megathrust that runs southward from Bangladesh, along Sunda and Java trench and all the way to Australia (see Fig. There are no reliable records of the loss of life, with the casualties being described only as 'numerous'. November 2002 had Over 730 aftershocks shocked the area afterwards, one just eleven minutes after the mainshock. The devastating M 9.1 earthquake off the west coast of northern Sumatra on December 26, 2004, occurred as the result of thrust faulting on the interface of the India plate and the Burma microplate. The 2000 Enggano earthquake struck at 23:28 local time on June 4 with a moment magnitude of 7.9 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VI (Strong). The 2002 Sumatra earthquake occurred at 01:26 UTC on 2 November. A minute before 8 o'clock in the morning local time, a colossal earthquake began to shake the northern part of Sumatra and the Andaman Sea to its north. On 26 December 2004, a magnitude 9.1 earthquake (3.316 N, 95.854 E, depth 30 km) occurred off the coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia. In the twenty-four hours immediately after the event, there were eight major aftershocks, measuring between 5.5 and 6.0. Function: require_once. The estimated magnitude is 7.5–8.0 Ms, with an epicentre close to Simeulue, off Sumatra. A tsunami is a sea wave of local or distant origin that results from large-scale seafloor displacements associated with large earthquakes, major submarine slides, or exploding volcanic islands. The island of Sumatra lies on the convergent plate boundary between the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. November 2002 had caused tremors to several cities in Malaysian Peninsular such as Penang and Kuala Lumpur. Line: 24 The Indian plate is subducting beneath Sumatra at an oblique angle [DeMets et al., 1994a], and the deformation is divided between predominantly reverse motion at the trench (see Figure 1) [e.g., Fitch, 1972; Newcomb and McCann, 1987; McCaffrey et al., 2002] and right‐lateral strike‐slip on the Great Sumatra fault [e.g., Sieh and Natawidjaja, 2000; Genrich et al., 2002]. Point of contact: Miaki Ishii 日本語 (Japanese Version) The December 26, 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake and its ensuing tsunami caused unprecedented and unanticipated destruction across Asia, but the character of the rupture has proven difficult to unravel. The 1881 Nicobar Islands earthquake occurred at about 07:49 local time on 31 December, with an epicentre beneath Car Nicobar. West Andaman Fault is a major north–south trending strike-slip fault zone that forms the boundary between the forearc, developed above the highly oblique subduction zone between the Indian Plate and the Burma Plate, and the Andaman Sea. The earthquake was also felt at Tapaktuan (VI (Strong), Meulaboh and Singkil (V (Moderate) in the Aceh province of Sumatra. Before the 26 December 2004 Sumatra–Andaman earthquake, there have been a handful of other great earthquakes since ‘Bolivia.’ But even the great 23 June 2001 Arequipa, Peru, earthquake, the largest digitally recorded earthquake until then, did not excite the relatively few normal mode observers whose interest lies in unraveling the deep secrets of the inner core (IC). The epicenter was located north to Bago, Burma, then part of British India. The 2002 Sumatra earthquake occurred at 01:26 UTC on 2 November. It had a magnitude of 7.3 on the moment magnitude scale with an epicentre just north of Simulue island and caused three deaths. Function: view, File: /home/ah0ejbmyowku/public_html/application/controllers/Main.php A 2006 study estimated a magnitude of Mw 9.1–9.3; Hiroo Kanamori of the California Institute of Technology estimates that Mw  9.2 is representative of the earthquake's size. The magnitude was 8.7 on the Richter scale and located in NORTHERN SUMATRA, INDONESIA. The quake was the … These interplate earthquakes are the planet's most powerful, with moment magnitudes (Mw) that can exceed 9.0. The 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake occurred on 28 March off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia. The Sunda megathrust is a fault that extends approximately 5,500 km (3300 mi) from Myanmar (Burma) in the north, running along the southwestern side of Sumatra, to the south of Java and Bali before terminating near Australia. Different segments of the fault ruptured in both foreshocks and aftershocks surrounding the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami event. The second largest earthquake, 7.9 M w, occurred later the same day at 23:49:04 UTC (06:49:04 local time the following day). Historically, great or giant megathrust earthquakes have been recorded in 1797, 1833, 1861, 2004, 2005 and 2007, most of them being associated with devastating tsunamis. It had a magnitude of 7.3 on the moment magnitude scale with an epicenter just north of Simeulue island and caused three deaths. The 1984 Northern Sumatra earthquake occurred with a moment magnitude of 7.2 on November 17 at 06:49 UTC. It was felt as far away as Singapore where many high‐rise buildings were shaken [Pan et al., 2001].This earthquake was followed 2 weeks later by a second earthquake of similar magnitude, approximately 1000 km to the south, … We have compiled the first self‐consistent GPS‐based earthquake catalog for the Sumatran plate boundary. column on 1 December 2010 (check views). Megathrust earthquakes occur at subduction zones at destructive convergent plate boundaries, where one tectonic plate is forced underneath another, caused by slip along the thrust fault that forms the contact between them. It had a magnitude of 7.3 on the moment magnitude scale with an epicenter just north of Simeulue island and caused three deaths. The tsunami generated by the earthquake was recorded nearly world-wide and killed more people than any other tsunami in recorded history, almost 230,000 missing and presumed dead. Foreshock: Earthquake, 2002 Sumatra earthquake, 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, 1950 Medog earthquake, Power law, Coulomb stress transfer, 1975 Haicheng earthquake: Amazon.it: Miller, Frederic P., Vandome, Agnes F., McBrewster, John: Libri in altre lingue A fact from 2002 Sumatra earthquake appeared on Wikipedia's Main Page in the Did you know? It was centred about 35 km underground, at 2°37′30″S 100°50′28″E  /  2.625°S 100.841°E  / -2.625; 100.841 , some 185 km (115 mi) south-southeast of Padang, Indonesia and about 205 km northwest of Bengkulu (about 225 km northwest of the magnitude 8.5 earthquake It triggered a large tsunami that caused serious damage along the coast of Wakayama Prefecture and the Tōkai region. The 1907 Sumatra earthquake occurred on January 4 at 05:19:12 UTC. Together the earthquake and tsunami caused 3,358 casualties. The interface between the two plates results in a large fault, termed an interplate thrust or megathrust. The earthquake lasted for about two minutes in total. 141 - 148 , 10.1186/BF03353370 (i.e. The major slip events on the subduction zone interface are typically of megathrust type. Title: Multiple Source Analysis of the 2004 Sumatra Earthquake Description: Multiple Source Analysis of the 2004 Sumatra Earthquake While it is agreed that the great Sumatra earthquake of December 26, 2004, was among the largest earthquakes of the past century, there has been disagreement on how large it was, which part of the fault ruptured, and how the rupture took place. The fault ends in the north just below the city of Banda Aceh, which was devastated in the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. Tectonics of Sumatra-Andaman Islands. [4] Waveforms from this earthquake have been used to model the propagation of Rayleigh waves during the 2004 earthquake, using an empirical Green's function analysis. This earthquake is regarded as a foreshock of the 2004 Sumatra earthquake, which had an epicentre about 60 km to the northwest. The 1994 Liwa earthquake occurred on February 16 at 00:07 local time. This earthquake is regarded as a foreshock of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, which had an epicenter about 60 km to the northwest. The text of the entry was as follows: Did you know ... that the 2002 Sumatra earthquake is considered to be a foreshock of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake ? It caused a devastating tsunami which led to several thousand fatalities. On the Indonesian island of Nias, off the coast of Sumatra, hundreds of buildings were destroyed by the earthquake. Message: Undefined variable: user_membership, File: /home/ah0ejbmyowku/public_html/application/views/user/popup_modal.php It extends over 5000 km long, starting from Burma in the northwest and ending at Sumba Island in the southeast. It was located in southern Sumatra, Indonesia. It had a magnitude of Mw = 7.7 and a maximum felt intensity of VIII (Severe) on the mercalli intensity scale. It is one of the most seismogenic structures on Earth, being responsible for many great and giant earthquakes, including the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami that killed over 230,000 people. The major slip events on the subduction zone interface are typically of megathrust type. The island of Sumatra lies on the convergent plate boundary between the Indo-Australian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. The magnitude of this event has been estimated using records of uplift taken from coral microatolls. 1. Line: 192 This earthquake is regarded as a foreshock of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, which had an epicenter about 60 km to the northwest. This earthquake is regarded as a foreshock of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, which had an epicenter about 60 km to the northwest. "Comments for the Significant Earthquake", "Source parameters of the great Sumatran megathrust earthquakes of 1797 and 1833 inferred from coral microatolls", "The 2007 Pisco, Peru, earthquake (M8.0): seismology and geodesy", "The Sunda megathrust: past, present and future", "Rupture Properties of the Giant Sumatra Earthquake Imaged by Empirical Green's Function Analysis". The Indonesian island of Sumatra is located in a highly seismic area of the world. The September 30, 2009, M 7.6 earthquake of southern Sumatra occurred as a result of oblique reverse faulting at an intermediate depth, approximately 80 km beneath the Indian Ocean off the western coast of Sumatra, and near the subduction interface plate boundary between the Australia and Sunda plates. The largest inland earthquake in North America in almost 150 years struck Alaska on November 3, 2002. [1], The rupture area of the 2002 earthquake lies at the boundary between the rupture areas of the 2004 and 2005 earthquakes, as determined by the uplift patterns of coral microatolls. This earthquake is regarded as a foreshock of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, which had an epicenter about 60 km to the northwest.. Tectonic setting. The focal mechanism corresponded to reverse faulting. Line: 107 The 2002 Sumatra earthquake occurred at 01:26 UTC on 2 November. The magnitude of the earthquake was estimated at Mw 7.3, or Ms 7.3. They are particularly dangerous as a large tsunami may arrive at a coastline with little or no warning. The d… The 1930 Pyu earthquake occurred on December 4 at 01:21 local time. One of the largest recorded earthquakes in the United States, with an estimated moment magnitude of 7.9, it ruptured the southern part of the San Andreas Fault for a length of about 225 miles, between Parkfield and Wrightwood. The term was introduced by Hiroo Kanamori in 1972. [1], The rupture area of the 2002 earthquake lies at the boundary between the rupture areas of the 2004 and 2005 earthquakes, as determined by the uplift patterns of coral microatolls. The December 26, 2004 M=9.1 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake occurred along a tectonic subduction zone in which the India Plate, an oceanic plate, is being subducted beneath the Burma micro-plate, part of the larger Sunda plate.. The December 26, 2004 M=9.1 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake occurred along a tectonic subduction zone in which the India Plate, an oceanic plate, is being subducted beneath the Burma micro-plate, part of the larger Sunda plate.. Function: _error_handler, File: /home/ah0ejbmyowku/public_html/application/views/page/index.php There were more than 100 fatalities and up to 2,585 injuries. After the December 2004 earthquake, pressure on the Great Sumatran Fault has increased tremendously, especially in the north. Extends over 5000 km long, starting from Burma in the Sept 2012 Nature journal yielded new information the! Large fault, termed an interplate thrust or megathrust on Wikipedia 's Main Page in the 2004 Indian earthquake... 8 and June 9 UTC in Sumatra, and 220 kilometres southwest of Pekanbaru, Riau 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake one! Rupture length of ~330 km in Malaysian Peninsular such as Penang and Kuala Lumpur, this one a 6.5. 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